Slide 1

Lab Unit 10 - Fern and Fern Allies Lab

Slide 1 - Division Psilophyta, Genus Psilotum	Two different species of Psilotum. Note dichotomous branching and the lack of leaves and roots. Psilotum is the most primitive vascular plant.
Slide 2 - Division Psilophyta, Herbarium Mount	Press specimen of Psilotum showing dichotomous branching and sporangia at the nodes.
Slide 3 - Division Psilophyta, Herbarium Mount	Press specimen of Psilotum showing dichotomous branching and sporangia at the nodes.
Slide 4 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Lycopodium	Lycopodium showing microphylls.
Slide 5 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Lycopodium	Lycopodium showing strobili.
Slide 6 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Lycopodium Herbarium Mount	Pressed specimen of Lycopodium showing microphylls and strobili.
Slide 7 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Lycopodium Herbarium Mount	Pressed specimen of Lycopodium showing microphylls and strobili.
Slide 8 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Selaginella	Selaginella showing the growth form, spike-like leaves and strobili.
Slide 9 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Selaginella Herbarium Mount	Pressed specimen of Selaginella.
Slide 10 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Selaginella	Pressed specimen of Selaginella showing strobili.
Slide 11 - Division Lycophyta, Genus Selaginella	Longitudinal section of a Selaginella strobilus showing Megasporangia and Microsporangia. Selaginella is the only of the ferns and fern allies that is heterosporous, meaning that it produces two kinds of spores, microspores and megaspores. Microspores develop into male gametophytes while megaspores develop into female gametophytes.
Slide 12 - Division Sphenophyta, Horsetails	Horsetails showing terminal strobili, and scale-like leaves at the nodes.
Slide 13 - Division Sphenophyta, Horsetails Herbarium Mount	Pressed horsetails showing strobili. The specimen on the left has numerous photosynthetic stems radiating from the nodes along the main stem.
Slide 14 - Division Sphenophyta, Horsetails Herbarium Mount	Pressed specimen showing terminal strobili, and scale-like leaves at the nodes.
Slide 15 - Division Pterophyta, Ferns	Examples of tree ferns and maidenhair ferns.
Slide 16 - Division Pterophyta, Gametophyte Model	Lateral view of a fern gametophyte showing anteridia, archegonia and rhizoids.
Slide 17 - Division Pterophyta, Gametophyte Model	Ventral view of a fern gametophyte showing anteridia, archegonia and rhizoids.
Slide 18 - Division Pterophyta, Gametophytes	The specimen on the right is monecious, thus having both archegonia and antheridia, while the specimen on the left is dioecious and has only antheridia. Even though one can not see the actual structure of the antheridia the pictures show the location of each. In monecious species archegonia are usually located nearer the notch of the gametophyte and antheridia are somewhat farther away from the notch.
Slide 19 - Division Pterophyta, Gametophytes	High magnification views of archegonia and antheridia.
Slide 20 - Division Pterophyta, Sporophyte Herbarium Mount	A pressed specimen of a fern frond with sori. Sori are clusters of sporangia usually located on the lower surface of the frond.
Slide 21 - Division Pterophyta, Sori	On the right are the sori of a tree fern and on the left is a plastic mount of a fern frond with sori.
Slide 22 - Division Pterophyta, Sori	On the right is a cross section of a fern frond and sorus showing individual sporangia. Note the annulus on each sporangium which is a row of cells that tear the sporangium open when spores are ready to be released.