Bot 311 Algae Study Questions-05   Phaeophyta      Name ________________________________________________

 Phaeophyta (PH)

Are Phaeophyta  primarily Marine or Freshwater? Circle

Are PH important for reefs in Hawaii?  _________ (Slightly - Moderately - Extremely) Circle

They are Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes (Circle) In addition to Chlorophyll and Carotenoids what additional Photosynthetic Pigment do they possess that allows them to absorb light in the Green-Yellow region of PAR?  F___________________n. . Do PHs produce starch? _______If so, is it a distinctive type of starch? __________. Where is it stored?

Do they have Cellulose in their cell walls?  ___________ . They can also have "Phycocolloids in their cell walls. The two principal ones are A___________c A________d and  C_____________________n. These can amount to ______% of the wall’s dry weight. These colloidal materials have c______________________l value.

Some species can precipitate c______________________m c_____________________te in their cell walls. 

Do their Chloroplasts have Thylakoids? ___________   Do they have Grana? ____________

Are there any Unicellular Vegetative Forms? ________. The most basic growth form is a F___________________t.  Do some PHs have Apical Cells? ____________.  Do some PHs exhibit Intercalary Growth? ____________. In some cases the Meristems are broad and extend over the M________________n of the Thallus. Some PH exhibit Heterotrichy. This occurs when long f_______________s oriented p_________________l to the substrate produce v______________l b_____________s. This is seen with p__________________te forms that cling to substrates.

Complex Laminarian PHs have 3 major "organs". These are the H________________t which a_____________s the organism to the s________________e, the leaf-like l_________________a and a stem-like s____________e. Label these in the Image on the right. They may also produce f________s which keep the l________________a in the best location for p____________________n regardless of the tide.

 

 

Large Phaeophytes have a variety of Meristems. The Transition Zone (TZ) is an I_______________y M__________________m that contributes to the L_______________a and S_________e. It allows the regeneration of damaged L_________________a . The TZ produces true T_______________s because the cells are attached to one another from inception. False tissues arise when filaments of cells f________e at some time after their i___________________n. Rhodophyta and Phaeophyta can produce false tissues. Phaeophytes produce a superficial M_______________m which is analogous to the Protoderm of flowering plants. It is called the M______________________m. Its cells divide in several planes and contribute to the t_________s of the T_____________s while the Protoderm only produces the uniseriate Epidermis in flowering plants.

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There are 3 Tissue Zones in the Stipe and Lamina of large Phaeophytes. These are the M__________________m, C________________x & M______________a. There are S___________e C__________s in the O_____________r M_______________a. These have S_____________e P_____________s and a type of C________________e and are specialized for the conduction of s_______________r. This resembles the P________m found in land plants. Thick-walled P______________________a tissue is also present. This provides structural support for the Stipe.

 

 

Place the Letter for the best Match in the Boxes. A] Cortex B] Inner Medula C] Outer Medula D] Meristoderm In which layer are Sieve Cells Present?   What part of the organism is represented? ____________________________________
Place the Letter for the best Match in the Boxes. A] Medula B] Meristoderm C] Cortex What part of the organism is represented? ____________________________________

F___________s and H_________________________s are well developed in the Phaeophyta. These allow species to form s________________ied communities.

PHs can be found at great depths because they have F_______________________n which absorb g__________n l_____________t.

Use the words (High – Medium - Low or No) to indicate where you would expect to find Rhodophyta in the diagram below.