Bot 311 Algae Study Questions-05         Name ________________________________________________

 

Cyanophyta (CB)

Are Cyanophyta primarily Marine or Freshwater? Circle

They are Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes (Circle)

In addition to Chlorophyll and Carotenoids what additional class of Photosynthetic pigments do they possess? 

P___________________s. These are located in  p__________________somes that sit on the T______________oids.

 

Place the Letter for the best Match in the white boxes on the Graph.   A] Chlorophyll & Carotenoids   B] Sunlight   C] Phycobillin Pigment (Used more than once)   D] Photosynthetically Active Radiation   This Graph is an Absorption or Action Spectrum (Circle Correct)

 

Match A] Akinete B] Photosynthetic (Vegetative Cell) C] Heterocyst

What is the function of Heterocysts? They fix atmospheric n_________________n. They have ________k cell walls which are impervious to o_______________n which inhibits n_____________ase which is the e_________________e that actually ________s _____________________n.

Heterocysts have large p________s that help in the distribution of f____________d n___________n.

Vegetative cells have m_________________________a, which allow intercellular t______________t.

 

Some Cyanobacteria can inhabit rocks. These are called e______________________c.  This allows CB to become o__________d s________d g___________s which can be found in the I____________________al zone where wave action would otherwise make it impossible for them to exist.

Identify 3 Extreme Environments in which Cyanobacteria exist.

A] __________________________________________________________________________________

B] __________________________________________________________________________________

C] __________________________________________________________________________________

 

Cyanobacteria form symbioses with other organisms. The most ecologically significant symbiosis occurs between F________i and CBs which form L____________s. Other symbiotic relationships exist between CBs and

A] ________________________________________   B] ______________________________________

C] ________________________________________   D] ______________________________________

 

CBs have a limited number of growth forms. What are they?

A] U_________________________________________   B] F______________________________________

C] C_________________________________________  

 

Some CBs have been preserved as fossils because they can produce C_________________m C_________________te in their C___________l W___________s. This can result in the formation of S__________________s that can be billions of years old.

 

CBs dramatically altered the primitive atmosphere of the earth because they produce O_________________n.

 

An Akinete is a modified p____________________c c__________l which develops t__________k w__________s. They are involved in a___________________l r_____________________n. They contain various types of s___________________e p_______________________s.

 

CBs have Cell Walls that closely resemble [Bacteria – Other Algae – Land Plants (Circle Correct)].

They often produce a hydrophilic S____________h. In some cases this absorbs dangerous u________a v______________t radiation.

 

Gas Vacuoles control the location of CB in the w____________r c_________________n. Algal Blooms can occur when the gas vacuoles fail and the CB float to the s__________________e. These blooms can be deadly because some CB produce t______________s. This is one reason why eating CB could be dangerous.

CB can also form destructive blooms because they are h_____t tolerant and can grow in areas where there is t_________l pollution. They can also grow in l____w l__________t environments because they have p______________________n p_____________s that efficiently absorb light.

 

Are CBs very abundant on tropical reefs? ___ Are they Important for Hawaiian Reefs? _________ If so why are they important? They are important because the f__x n__________________n which is typically in short supply for islands like the Hawaiian Islands.

Place the letters CB in areas where you would expect to find Cyanobacteria in the reef diagram below.